44、CDH 6.3 大数据平台搭建

一、CDH概述

Cloudera版本（Cloudera’s Distribution Including Apache Hadoop，简称“CDH”），基于Web的用户界面,支持大多数Hadoop组件，包括HDFS、MapReduce、Hive、Pig、 Hbase、Zookeeper、Sqoop,简化了大数据平台的安装、使用难度。

由于组件齐全，安装维护方便，国内已经有不少公司部署了CDH大数据平台，此处我选择CDH 6.3版本。

二、安装CDH前准备

2.1 环境准备

主机配置:

IP	主机名
10.31.1.123	hp1
10.31.1.124	hp2
10.31.1.125	hp3
10.31.1.126	hp4

硬件配置：
每台主机：CPU4核、内存8G、硬盘500G

软件版本：

名称	版本
操作系统	CentOS release 7.8 (Final) 64位
JDK	1.8
数据库	MySQL 5.6.49
JDBC	MySQL Connector Java 5.1.38
Cloudera Manager	6.3.1
CDH	6.3.1

2.2 安装前准备

2.2.1 主机名配置（所有节点）

分别在各个主机下设置主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname hp1
hostnamectl set-hostname hp2
hostnamectl set-hostname hp3
hostnamectl set-hostname hp4

配置4台机器 /etc/hosts

vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1               localhost
10.31.1.123             hp1
10.31.1.124             hp2
10.31.1.125             hp3
10.31.1.126             hp4

配置4台机器 /etc/sysconfig/network

-- 以123为例，其它3台参考
[root@10-31-1-123 ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network
# Created by anaconda
HOSTNAME=hp1

2.2.2 防火墙及SeLinux配置（所有节点）

关闭防火墙

systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld

配置SeLinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=enforcing  改为  SELINUX=permissive

2.2.3 NTP服务配置（所有节点）

yum install ntp
systemctl start ntpd
systemctl enable ntpd

hp1为ntp服务器，其它3台同步123的

vi /etc/ntp.config
restrict 10.31.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
server 10.31.1.123

systemctl restart ntpd

2.2.4 安装python（所有节点）

CDH要求python 2.7版本，此处系统自带，略过

2.2.5 数据库需求（主节点）

此处安装MySQL5.6版本，安装步骤略过

2.2.6 安装JDK（所有节点）

此处选择安装JDK 1.8

cd /usr/
mkdir java
cd java
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u181-b13/96a7b8442fe848ef90c96a2fad6ed6d1/jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gzAuthParam=1534129356_6b3ac55c6a38ba5a54c912855deb6a22
mv jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gzAuthParam\=1534129356_6b3ac55c6a38ba5a54c912855deb6a22 jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz 
vi /etc/profile
#java
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_181
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib

如下，显示java安装成功

[root@10-31-1-123 java]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_181"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_181-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.181-b13, mixed mode)

2.2.7 下载安装包（所有节点）

CM：CM6.3.1
连接：https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.1/repo-as-tarball/cm6.3.1-redhat7.tar.gz

Parcel：
https://archive.cloudera.com/cdh6/6.3.1/parcels/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel
https://archive.cloudera.com/cdh6/6.3.1/parcels/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel.sha1
https://archive.cloudera.com/cdh6/6.3.1/parcels/manifest.json

以上软件打包近网盘中，可自取：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1UH50Uweyi7yg6bV7dl02mQ
提取码：nx7p

2.2.8 安装MySQL的jdbc驱动（主节点）

[root@10-31-1-123 mysql]# mkdir -p /usr/share/java
[root@10-31-1-123 mysql]# cd /usr/share/java
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# 
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# ll
总用量 832
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 848067 1月  15 2014 mysql-connector-java-commercial-5.1.25-bin.jar
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# 
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# mv mysql-connector-java-commercial-5.1.25-bin.jar mysql-connector-java.jar
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# ll
总用量 832
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 848067 1月  15 2014 mysql-connector-java.jar
[root@10-31-1-123 java]# 

2.2.9 创建CDH源数据库、用户、amon服务的数据库（主节点）

create database cmf DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
create database amon DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
grant all on cmf.* TO 'cmf'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'www.research.com';
grant all on amon.* TO 'amon'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'www.research.com';
flush privileges;

2.2.10 修改Linux swappiness参数(所有节点）

为了避免服务器使用swap功能而影响服务器性能，一般都会把vm.swappiness修改为0（cloudera建议10以下）

[root@hp1 mysql]# cd /usr/lib/tuned/
[root@hp1 tuned]# grep "vm.swappiness" * -R
latency-performance/tuned.conf:vm.swappiness=10
throughput-performance/tuned.conf:vm.swappiness=10
virtual-guest/tuned.conf:vm.swappiness = 30

然后将文件中的配置依次修改为0
修改后将这些文件同步到其他机器上

2.2.11 禁用透明页(所有节点）

[root@hp1 ~]# vim /etc/rc.local
在文件中添加如下内容：
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
然后将该文件同步其他机器上，然后启动所有服务器

三、CDH部署

3.1 离线部署CM server及agent

3.1.1 创建软件目录解压软件（所有节点）

[root@10-31-1-123 cdh]# mkdir -p /opt/cloudera-manager
[root@10-31-1-123 cloudera-manager]# cd /usr/local/cdh/
[root@10-31-1-123 cdh]# ls -lrth
总用量 3.3G
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  34K 11月 13 15:46 manifest.json
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1.4G 11月 13 16:10 cm6.3.1-redhat7.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   40 11月 13 16:10 CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel.sha1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2.0G 11月 13 16:37 CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel
[root@10-31-1-123 cdh]# 
[root@10-31-1-123 cdh]# tar -zxf cm6.3.1-redhat7.tar.gz -C /opt/cloudera-manager
[root@10-31-1-123 cdh]# 

3.1.2 选择hp1为主节点作为cm server，直接部署（主节点）

cd /opt/cloudera-manager/cm6.3.1/RPMS/x86_64/
rpm -ivh cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh cloudera-manager-server-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force 

安装记录:

警告：cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID b0b19c9f: NOKEY
准备中...                     ################## [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.1-14################################# [100%]
[root@10-31-1-123 x86_64]# rpm -ivh cloudera-manager-server-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force 
警告：cloudera-manager-server-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID b0b19c9f: NOKEY
准备中...                     ################## [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:cloudera-manager-server-6.3.1-146################################# [100%]
Created symlink from /etc/systemd

3.1.3 cm agent部署 (所有节点)

cd /opt/cloudera-manager/cm6.3.1/RPMS/x86_64
rpm -ivh cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh cloudera-manager-agent-6.3.1-1466458.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

3.1.4 修改agent配置，指向server节点hp1 （所有节点）

sed -i "s/server_host=localhost/server_host=10.31.1.123/g" /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini

3.1.5 server配置（主节点）

 vim /etc/cloudera-scm-server/db.properties
com.cloudera.cmf.db.type=mysql
com.cloudera.cmf.db.host=10.31.1.123
com.cloudera.cmf.db.name=cmf
com.cloudera.cmf.db.user=cmf
com.cloudera.cmf.db.password=www.research.com
com.cloudera.cmf.db.setupType=EXTERNAL

3.2 主节点部署离线parcel源 （主节点）

3.2.1 安装httpd

yum install -y httpd 

3.2.2 部署离线parcel源 （主节点）

mkdir -p /var/www/html/cdh6_parcel
cp /usr/local/cdh/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel /var/www/html/cdh6_parcel/
mv /usr/local/cdh/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel.sha1 /var/www/html/cdh6_parcel/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567-el7.parcel.sha
mv /usr/local/cdh/manifest.json /var/www/html/cdh6_parcel/
systemctl start httpd

3.2.3 页面访问

http://10.31.1.123/cdh6_parcel/

3.3 主节点启动server （主节点）

[root@10-31-1-123 x86_64]#  systemctl start cloudera-scm-server
[root@10-31-1-123 x86_64]#  ll /var/log/cloudera-scm-server/ 
总用量 20
-rw-r-----. 1 cloudera-scm cloudera-scm 19610 11月 13 17:29 cloudera-scm-server.log
-rw-r-----. 1 cloudera-scm cloudera-scm     0 11月 13 17:29 cmf-server-nio.log
-rw-r-----. 1 cloudera-scm cloudera-scm     0 11月 13 17:29 cmf-server-perf.log
[root@10-31-1-123 x86_64]# tail /var/log/cloudera-scm-server/cloudera-scm-server.log
        at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection(WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.java:195)
        at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection(WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.java:184)
        at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.C3P0PooledConnectionPool$1PooledConnectionResourcePoolManager.acquireResource(C3P0PooledConnectionPool.java:200)
        at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.doAcquire(BasicResourcePool.java:1086)
        at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.doAcquireAndDecrementPendingAcquiresWithinLockOnSuccess(BasicResourcePool.java:1073)
        at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.access$800(BasicResourcePool.java:44)
        at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool$ScatteredAcquireTask.run(BasicResourcePool.java:1810)
        at com.mchange.v2.async.ThreadPoolAsynchronousRunner$PoolThread.run(ThreadPoolAsynchronousRunner.java:648)
2020-11-13 17:29:26,939 WARN C3P0PooledConnectionPoolManager[identityToken->2t3hq3ad1hj75spfrks4l|3be4f71]-HelperThread-#1:com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool: Having failed to acquire a resource, com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool@3b0ee03a is interrupting all Threads waiting on a resource to check out. Will try again in response to new client requests.
2020-11-13 17:29:27,568 INFO main:com.cloudera.enterprise.CommonMain: Statistics not enabled, JMX will not be registered
[root@10-31-1-123 x86_64]# 

3.4 所有节点启动agent （所有节点）

 systemctl start cloudera-scm-agent 

3.5 web页面操作

3.5.1 登录主节点的7180端口

http://10.31.1.123:7180/

登陆用户名:admin
登陆密码: admin

3.5.2 选择免费版

3.5.3 创建集群

输入集群名

输入集群主机，此处用主机名

选择存储库
版本一定要对应上,不然一直安装不成功
添加本地的存储:http://10.31.1.123/cdh6_parcel/
然后把{latest_version}改为当前版本 : 6.3.1

安装JDK

配置SSH登陆

等待安装结束

安装parcels

安装告一段落

选择服务;

默认项:

创建数据库

create database hive DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
grant all on hive.* TO 'hive'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'hive';

create database oozie DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
grant all on oozie.* TO 'oozie'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oozie';

create database hue DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
grant all on hue.* TO 'hue'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'hue';

flush privileges;

--hue会报错
mkdir /usr/lib64/mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0  /usr/lib64/mysql/
cd /usr/lib64/mysql/
ln -s libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0 libmysqlclient.so.18

[root@hp1 mysql]# more /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/lib64/mysql
[root@hp1 mysql]# ldconfi

审核更改:

大功告成：

FAQ

1.CDH文件权限问题

Hive执行语句的时候提示 /user权限不够

hive> 
    > select count(*) from fact_sale;
Query ID = root_20201119152619_16f496b5-2482-4efb-a26c-e18117b2f10c
Total jobs = 1
Launching Job 1 out of 1
Number of reduce tasks determined at compile time: 1
In order to change the average load for a reducer (in bytes):
  set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=<number>
In order to limit the maximum number of reducers:
  set hive.exec.reducers.max=<number>
In order to set a constant number of reducers:
  set mapreduce.job.reduces=<number>
org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=root, access=WRITE, inode="/user":hdfs:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x

解决方案:

[root@hp1 ~]# 
[root@hp1 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /
Found 2 items
drwxrwxrwt   - hdfs supergroup          0 2020-11-15 12:22 /tmp
drwxr-xr-x   - hdfs supergroup          0 2020-11-15 12:21 /user
[root@hp1 ~]# 
[root@hp1 ~]# hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user
chmod: changing permissions of '/user': Permission denied. user=root is not the owner of inode=/user
[root@hp1 ~]# 
[root@hp1 ~]# sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user
[root@hp1 ~]# 
[root@hp1 ~]# 
[root@hp1 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /
Found 2 items
drwxrwxrwt   - hdfs supergroup          0 2020-11-15 12:22 /tmp
drwxrwxrwx   - hdfs supergroup          0 2020-11-15 12:21 /user
[root@hp1 ~]# 

2.CDH yarn资源包问题

hive insert into语句报错:

> insert into fact_sale(id,sale_date,prod_name,sale_nums) values (1,'2011-08-16','PROD4',28);
Query ID = root_20201119163832_f78a095d-2656-4da6-825f-64127e84b8b4
Total jobs = 3
Launching Job 1 out of 3
Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since there's no reduce operator
20/11/19 16:38:32 INFO client.ConfiguredRMFailoverProxyProvider: Failing over to rm69
Starting Job = job_1605767427026_0013, Tracking URL = http://hp3:8088/proxy/application_1605767427026_0013/
Kill Command = /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.1-1.cdh6.3.1.p0.1470567/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop job  -kill job_1605767427026_0013
Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 0; number of reducers: 0
2020-11-19 16:39:12,211 Stage-1 map = 0%,  reduce = 0%
Ended Job = job_1605767427026_0013 with errors
Error during job, obtaining debugging information...
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask
MapReduce Jobs Launched: 
Stage-Stage-1:  HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 HDFS EC Read: 0 FAIL
Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 msec

根据提示看错误得到错误信息:
跑mapreduce任务报错Download and unpack failed

安装一下就OK

3.hue的load Balancer启动失败

load Balancer启动失败

查看日志，提示也没有日志，创建了指定目录，也没有日志输出

解决方案:

yum -y install httpd
yum -y install mod_ssl

重新启动hue

参考

错误处理，参考
1、 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39478115/article/details/77483251；
2、 https://q.cnblogs.com/q/110190/；