03、Quartz 实战 - cron定义调度周期
cron总结
cron详解参见：《quartz CronExpression表达式》
CronTrigger配置完整格式为7个： [秒] [分] [小时] [日] [月] [周] [年] ，一般为6个，省去最后那个年。举例："0/20 * * * * ?" 每20秒执行一次，无限期重复
| 序号 | 含义 | 默认 | 默认值含义 | 允许填写的值 | 允许的通配符 | 通配符举例 |
| 1 | 秒 | * | 每秒 | 0-59 | , - * / | 0/20 每20秒 |
| 2 | 分 | * | 每分 | 0-59 | , - * / | 10,20,30 第10、20、30分钟 |
| 3 | 小时 | * | 每小时 | 0-23 | , - * / | 8-17 上午8点到下午17点 |
| 4 | 日 | * | 每日 | 1-31 | , - * ? / L W | 1,15 月的1号和15号 6L 表示这个月的倒数第6天 "15W"，表示离每月15号最近的那个工作日触发。如果15号正好是周六，则找最近的周五(14号)触发, 如果15号是周未，则找最近的下周一(16号)触发.如果15号正好在工作日(周一至周五)，则就在该天触发。 |
| 5 | 月 | * | 每月 | 1-12 or JAN-DEC | , - * / | 2,4,6 2月4月和6月 JAN-DEC 1月到12月 |
| 6 | 周 | ？ | 每周 | 1-7 or SUN-SAT | , - * ? / L | SUN-SAT 星期天到星期六 |
| 7 | 年 | 非必填 | 空 或 1970-2099 | , - * / |
任务类
1 package org.quartz.examples.example3;
2
3 import java.util.Date;
4
5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
7 import org.quartz.Job;
8 import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
9 import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
10 import org.quartz.JobKey;
11
12 /**
13 * 任务job
14 */
15 public class SimpleJob implements Job {
16
17 private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleJob.class);
18
19 // 必须要有public修饰的无参构造函数
20 public SimpleJob() {
21 }
22
23 // 任务执行方法
24 public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
25 JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey(); //jobKey长这样：group1.job6
26 LOG.info("执行任务。SimpleJob says: " + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date());
27 }
28
29 }
调度管理类
1 package org.quartz.examples.example3;
2
3 import static org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule;
4 import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
5 import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;
6
7 import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
8 import org.quartz.JobDetail;
9 import org.quartz.Scheduler;
10 import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
11 import org.quartz.SchedulerMetaData;
12 import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
13 import org.slf4j.Logger;
14 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
15
16 import java.util.Date;
17
18 /**
19 * 这个示例将演示使用Cron触发器的Quartz的所有基本调度功能。
20 *
21 */
22 public class CronTriggerExample {
23 Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CronTriggerExample.class);
24
25 /*
26 * 以下用到的cron总结： "0/20 * * * * ?" 每20秒执行一次
27 */
28 public void run() throws Exception {
29 // 初始化一个调度工厂，并实例化一个调度类
30 SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
31 Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
32
33 JobDetail job = null;
34 CronTrigger trigger = null;
35 Date ft = null;
36
37 // ========================================================
38 // ============ job1 每20秒执行一次，无限期重复
39 // ========================================================
40 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
41 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0/20 * * * * ?")).build();
42 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
43 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
44 + trigger.getCronExpression());
45
46 // ========================================================
47 // ============ job2 将每隔2分钟运行一次(每分钟过后15秒)
48 // ========================================================
49 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job2", "group1").build();
50 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("15 0/2 * * * ?")).build();
51 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
52 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
53 + trigger.getCronExpression());
54
55 // ========================================================
56 // ============ job3 将每隔一分钟运行一次，但只在上午8点到下午5点之间才运行
57 // ========================================================
58 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job3", "group1").build();
59 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger3", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0/1 8-17 * * ?"))
60 .build();
61 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
62 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
63 + trigger.getCronExpression());
64
65 // ========================================================
66 // ============ job4 每三分钟运行一次，但只在下午5点到11点之间运行
67 // ========================================================
68 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job4", "group1").build();
69 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger4", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0/3 17-23 * * ?"))
70 .build();
71 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
72 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
73 + trigger.getCronExpression());
74
75 // ========================================================
76 // ============ job5将在每月的第1天和第15天上午10点运行
77 // ========================================================
78 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job5", "group1").build();
79 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger5", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0 10am 1,15 * ?"))
80 .build();
81 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
82 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
83 + trigger.getCronExpression());
84
85 // ========================================================
86 // ============ job6 将每30秒运行一次，但仅限于工作日(周一至周五)
87 // ========================================================
88 // job 6 will run every 30 seconds but only on Weekdays (Monday through Friday)
89 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job6", "group1").build();
90 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger6", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0,30 * * ? * MON-FRI"))
91 .build();
92 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
93 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
94 + trigger.getCronExpression());
95
96 // ========================================================
97 // ============ job7 每30秒运行一次，但只在周末(周六和周日)
98 // ========================================================
99 job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job7", "group1").build();
100 trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").withSchedule(cronSchedule("0,30 * * ? * SAT,SUN"))
101 .build();
102 ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
103 LOG.info(job.getKey() + " has been scheduled to run at: " + ft + " and repeat based on expression: "
104 + trigger.getCronExpression());
105
106 // ====================================================================
107 // ============ 启动调度器
108 // ====================================================================
109 sched.start();
110
111 try {
112 Thread.sleep(300L * 1000L); // 等待5分钟
113 } catch (Exception e) {
114 }
115
/**
* 终止调度。
* 但是如果当前仍然有任务正在运行中，则会等待该任务执行完毕再终止，期间debug信息会打印：
* 21:48:54.965 [main] DEBUG org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool - Waiting for thread TestScheduler_Worker-1 to shut down
*/
116 sched.shutdown(true);
117 // 显示调度器的一些统计信息
118 SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
119 LOG.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");
120 }
121
122 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
123 CronTriggerExample example = new CronTriggerExample();
124 example.run();
125 }
126
127 }